In spite of the fact that human history has been predicted many doomsday dates and none confirmed, many people tend to believe that it was in 2012, something really catastrophic happens.
Many commentators have linked together the Mayan calendar, which says that in December 2012, "expires" time,with a series of astronomical phenomena expected in 2012. According to one version, the sun will be in line with the center of the Milky Way for the first time in 26 thousand years, and will lead to disasters.
In addition, there are other probable scenario of the apocalypse.In favor of the theory of probability and the end of the world led by the fact that the computer program, accurately predicted the attacks of September 11, 2001 in New York, as well as the tsunami in 2004, came to the conclusion that the December 21, 2012 end of the world will happen.
The prediction program is based on information from the Internet, and is based on the so-called "wisdom of the crowd".But scientists do not consider this as evidence.
Mayan prediction-Calendar.
Foundation of the faith to the end of the world in 2012 is based on the questionable interpretation of a single artifact - the so-called Mayan calendar.
Here it is
According to the calendar of the ancient Maya, arranged on the modern Gregorian calendar, in December 2012, ending a long cycle of human development.
There is a misconception that the Maya borrowed their calendar Aztecs (for example, "Komsomolskaya Pravda" and writes: "The Aztecs, Maya predecessors").
However flourishing Mayan civilization came to an earlier period than the flourishing Aztec.
More authentic version, experts believe that the Maya borrowed many achievements, including a calendar, with the Olmec civilization, who lived in Central America before. The appearance of the Mayan dates (various sources) with the II millennium BC. e. by II millennium BC. e.
Aztecs also appeared in what is now Central America much later: in the middle or beginning of the XII century.
The Indians had three Mayan calendar: solar or daily calendar lasted 365 days, the ritual calendar (probably lunar) consisted of 265 days and a long account (which lasted for about 5130 years).
Long Count consisted of 13 baktun, each of which lasted 394 years, Baktun divided into shorter periods of time, which roughly correspond to our year and called tunami.
Maya believed in a cyclical nature of life, in their view of history tends to repeat itself.In their calendar marked past disasters, all of which occurred during the end of the next cycle.
For the first time the Mayan calendar was found in an ancient monument, discovered during the construction of the highway in southern Mexico in the 1960s and named "Monument 6."
The stele describes the events of the past, as well as something that is going to happen in 2012 with the participation of the god of war and creation Bolon Yokte.However, to give a more complete transcript of inscriptions on the pillar is impossible, since it is covered with cracks and erosion.
Treatment
One of the most interesting artifacts that show presentation Indians of the time and history, is the "Stone of the Sun" - Aztec monolith that is based on the Mayan calendar.On the stone reflects inherent Mayans and Aztecs cyclical, not linear, the perception of history.
In the center there is the sun god Tonatiuh Maya current epoch, around which is a symbol of the four past eras, each with its own god.
They all ended disasters and an almost complete destruction of mankind.
"First Sun" lasted 4008 years and ended with a flood, "Second Sun" lasted 4010 years and ended with Hurricane, "Third Sun" at the end of which the people fell a rain of fire and lava flows, lasted for 4081 years, and the "Fourth Sun" lasted 5056 years and ended hunger, which came after the floods, blood and fire.Humanity is now living in the era of "Fifth Sun", which is also called "the Sun of the movement."
According to some researchers, this title indicates a movement of the earth, and which will lead to a cataclysm.At the December 2012 accounts ending thirteenth baktun "Fifth Sun". The number "13" was sacred to the Maya. They associated it with the space, which consists of thirteen heavens, owned thirteen gods.
Researchers tend to associate the Mayan predictions and some astronomical phenomena, which are expected in 2012.
The potential of the Maya
Many people tend to believe in the veracity of the predictions, since there is a perception of a high development of the Mayan civilization in pre-Columbian era.Thus, the Maya calculated the exact length of the solar year, which was their 365.2420 days, which is very close to modern calculations - 365.2422 .
But skeptics point out that such an exact match for the Maya would take 10 thousand years of continuous observations of the cosmos.
There is no actual evidence of calculations of the ancient Maya, except stone stelae, analyzing the inscription on which scientists and draw conclusions.
Official science and modern Mayan descendants deny the possibility of "predicted" apocalypse.
Maya researchers give different explanations for what the ancients did report.
Thus, a Mexican scholar Alfonso Morales claims that the Mayan prophecies do not portend the world demise, and point to the fact that their people take history is cyclical.
However, he notes that 21 December 2012 is really a very important date for the Maya.
Baktun end accompanied the celebration in honor of the god Bolon Yokta, referred to the "Monument 6". Mayan elder Apolinario Chile Pikstan said that the prophecies of the end of the world in 2012, allegedly made by the ancient Maya, do not have to do with them, but originate from the West.
Maya researcher Mark Van Stone claims that the prophecies of the end of the world - an invention.He cites two counterarguments: in the different Mayan stelae have predictions and the year 4772, in addition, Van Stone asks: whether they are so adept at predictions, surely they would not see in the future conquest (the Spanish conquest of America)?
Ещё один учёный, специалист по эпиграфике майя из Университета Техаса Дэвид Стюарт, утверждает, что майя никогда не говорили, что мир идёт к концу.
Carolyn Sumners, vice president of Astronomy and Physics, the Museum of Natural Science in Houston, argues that the Maya believed in the end of the world and the flood, but it's nothing to do with their long count. On the other hand, Jesus Gomez, head of the Guatemalan confederation of priests and spiritual leaders of the Maya, said, that the Mayan culture is no such thing as apocalypse.
In addition, skeptics point out that the date of the Mayan calendar can be simply wrong shifted to modern Gregorian calendar - and different from the actual 50-100 years. Thus the scientist, University of California Zherado Aldana in 2010 published a study of the Mayan calendar dedicated monograph, which presents compelling evidence that previous commentators were wrong for two months and more real event 19 (21) February 2013.
At the same time, representatives of the tribe of the Earth have warned residents about the events that may occur in the near future and will bring a lot of pain and suffering of the people.
No comments:
Post a Comment